Based on the crunch model, the root causes of vulnerability to disasters include political, natural, economic, and social aspects. To target these root causes, there needs to be a focus on developing education as it plays an important role in increasing the capacity of an individual and a community. The Indonesian has prioritized the development of education and even allocated about 20 percent of its spending. In addition, the government has a social protection program that also affects the education, particularly for children namely Indonesia Smart Program (“Program Indonesia Pintar”). For this paper, Cianjur Regency was chosen as acase study for several reasons. First, Cianjur is the regency most vulnerable to disasters in WestJava, particularly of floods and landslides. Second, Cianjur is one of the regencies in West Java with many social problems. The objective of this paper is to analyse the role of the Indonesia Smart Program in increasing the capacity of children to strengthen disaster resilience in Cianjur Regency. The PIP faces many challenges particularly in Cianjur Regency such as theaccessibility of the beneficiaries to get the financial aid and the monitoring aspect of utilization of the money. The Indonesia Smart Program has an indirect effect in increasing the capacity of children in general. However, the effect of increasing the capacity of children in disaster riskreduction is relatively limited and indirect.

Kebakaran hutan dan lahan (karhutla) di Indonesia menimbulkan degradasi lingkungan, kerugian ekonomi dan gangguan kesehatan. Fenomena Strong El Nino menjadi faktor alam yang memperparah kondisi karhutla, upaya pengurangan risiko karhutla dengan mencegah, mengurangi dan menanggulangi karhutla terus diupayakan pemerintah. Kabut asap karhutla menjadi masalah tersendiri, luasnya wilayah terpapar dan partikel berbahaya mengganggu aktivitas masyarakat terutama gangguan kesehatan. Upaya pengurangan risiko bencana dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kapasitas, adapun salah satu jenis kapasitas yang ada di masyarakat adalah kapasitas rumah tangga. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah melakukan kajian kapasitas rumah tangga dalam menghadapi bencana kabut asap karhutla, lokasi yang dipilih untuk melakukan studi adalah Kelurahan Bansir Darat, Kota Pontianak-Kalimantan Barat. Pembahasan dimulai dengan menentukan kriteria kapasitas rumah tangga, teknik pengambilan sampel data adalah non probability sampling berupa pengambilan sampel sistematis melalui angket berjumlah 110 dan metode analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif deskriptif dan kuantitatif asosiasi. Karakteristik rumah tangga yang teridentifikasi adalah kelompok umur, kelompok pekerjaan dan jenis permukiman, perhitungan kapasitas rumah tangga menunjukkan bahwa 21,82% siap, 28,18% tidak siap dan 50,00% cukup siap menghadapi bencana, ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara kelompok pekerjaan dengan kapasitas rumah tangga dan jenis permukiman dengan kapasitas rumah tangga.

This paper aims to compare five smart city models selected based on a number of specific criteria. Following the comparison and assessment performed, we draw conclusions and further linkages identifying the components and characters found in resilient cities. The purpose of this analysis is to produce a new approach and concept: the “smart and resilient city.” Through in-depth literature study, this paper analyzes five conceptual smart city models deemed to have a background, point of view, and benchmark towards software group, as they focus on welfare,inclusion, social equality, and competitiveness. Analyzing the strategies, methods, and techniques of five smart city models, this paper concludes that there has been no inclusion of resilience concepts in the assessment, especially in the context of natural disasters. Basically, the models are also interrelated and there are some things that overlap. As a recommendation, there is a model that tries to combine the components and character of smart city and resilient city intoone entity that is embedded as a whole in a conceptual picture towards the new concept, the "smart and resilient city". The concept of smart city and resilient city go hand in hand with each other and thus are interrelated. Therefore, it is imperative to study that concept deeper, in this case primarily in the context of disaster.

Climate change has impacted development progress and increased global inequality. Therefore, all emitters, both developed and developing countries, must implement climate change mitigation and adaptation actions. Indonesia is one of the developing countries that signed the Paris Agreement. In its NDC document, Indonesia has pledged to reduce greenhouse gases emission by 29% using domestic resources (unconditional) and 41% with international support (conditional) from the business as usual (BAU) scenario by 2030. This commitment gives Indonesia the right to take advantage of various types of support, including ICF opportunities offered by the ADB through the non-UNFCCC financial scheme and the Global Green Growth Institute through the UNFCCC financial mechanism. This paper explores to what extent ICF supports the achievement of Indonesia’s Nationally Deter mined Contribution (NDC) target. The study uses qualitative analysis to provide a general overview of ICF in Indonesia, its climate finance strategies, and the case study of the energy sector. The study finds that ICF in Indonesia continues to develop, albeit with many limitations. Several ICF channels could be utilized more optimally such as, loan and grant instruments. Indonesia cannot rely solely on international support to meet its enormous climate finance needs; it must develop innovative financing through various instruments, such as green sukuk. ICF also plays a role in facilitating the energy transition from coal-based to renewable energy sources and increasing energy efficiency.